Friday, 22 November 2013

In Brilliant Explosions Alone by Steve Brightman


 

publication 2013
Steve Brightman

Review and Interview by Barbara Sabol
                     





In Brilliant Explosions Alone:
A Brilliant Blending of Pitcher and Poet


     The writer who follows the adage “write what you know” is sure to produce a credible read; pushed further along the spectrum of engagement, however, he who writes not only from knowledge but from love creates work truly passion-infused. Such is the most recent poetry chapbook by Steve Brightman, whose knowledge and love of the game of baseball ignited the collection In Brilliant Explosions Alone, published by Night Ballet Press. More than baseball, it is about Cleveland Indians baseball during a particular 2008 season, and about a particular young pitcher with promise to spare who failed to live up to his own and the fans’ great expectations.  Jeremy Sowers, the subject of Brightman’s lyric sequence, embodies much more than a could-have-been-ace pitcher:  in these poems he is a metaphor for a dream and a dream dashed, a modern-day David whose Goliath might be a Yankee slugger or Life coming at you.  In the poem, “All Our Smaller Battles,” Brightman aptly plays on that comparison―the small man with the sling shot and the one with hard ball―in the poem’s final stanza:
           . . .        
         
         This is where our stoic southpaw
         became us, because not all of us
         get to slay Goliath. Not all of us
         get cast as David.
         Most of us rest our heads
         as the vanquished.

     In Brilliant Explosions Alone works almost as a lyric documentary, one that the reader views in her imagination, game-by-game, poem-by-poem.  The book is neatly unified around the 2008 Indians season and proceeds chronologically from Sowers’ opening game in March to his last in September.  Cleverly, play dates replace page numbers, a feature that draws the reader further into the atmosphere of the field, the fans, the solitary pitcher on the mound.

     The 22 poems that form the narrative of Jeremy Sowers’ turbulent season are bookended by a poignant prologue and epilogue.  The prophetic prologue poem, “Left and Nothing,” sets the tone of the collection:
         
          . . .

          He was
          small enough
          for shadows,
          small enough
          for getting lost
          in the crowd of
          everyone who
          paid to see him
          pitch that day.

The epilogue poem, “Or Best Offer,” closes the narrative with a suggestion of regret, of failure.  Each of the four stanzas begins with the line “Not one damn kid/”:

          . . .

          Not one damn kid
          signs on the dotted line
          thinking that he is going
          to find his cards buried
          in a box of commons or
          sold on eBay in lots of 50    
          for a dollar or best offer.

          . . .

          Not one damn kid
          signs on the dotted line
          thinking that he will be
          epilogue before he’s thirty.

In this closing poem, Sowers, our anti-hero, broadly represents promise unfulfilled and the sad regret of failure under the field’s night lights.  The poet’s richly sympathetic rendering of his subject is the heart beat of this book.  Brightman’s real skill lies in his ability to establish an authorial distance and at the same time empathize so fully with the struggling pitcher, such that, for the reader, his struggle becomes our own.    

     The poems are shaped by taut, condensed lines, often running unbroken down the page, much like the outline of a fast ball over home plate. This, combined with the poet’s employment of the game’s charged argot and repetitive phrasing, results in a compelling cover-to-cover read; for this reader, in one captivated sitting. Take the poem, “Counting Tigers”:

          Seven Tigers
          tonight grounded
          out.

          Six Tigers
          tonight made it past
          first base.

          Five Tigers
          tonight managed
          hits.

          Four Tigers
          tonight were left
          stranded;  . . .

The recurring phrasing and form creates an urgent tempo that draws us through to the final stanza where the reference shifts to “One Indian/tonight has finished/counting Tigers.”

     An effective use of the speech line underscores the clipped vernacular in poems like “Perfect Through Five” where Sowers exultant voice animates descriptions of the game’s action:

          “Hell yeah,” I thought,
          “this was why
          they drafted me.”
          Home plate
          looked as big as
          the horizon and I was
          perfect through five.

     Brightman also effectively employs the rhetorical devices of anaphora and epistrophe−repetition of  phrasing at the start and ending of a line, respectively−blended with the first-person quote to reinforce the subject’s defeated and self-berating tone in “Like This”:

          . . .
          I could be 6-6. I could be 1-11
          I could be anywhere between.
          I could be a star.
          I could be in Columbus
          taking a bus.
          I’ve never struggled
          like this.
          I’ve never been hit
          like this.
          I’ve never doubted
          like this.
          I’ve never stood
          on the mound
          and questioned
          like this. . .

     Indeed, nearly three-quarters of the poems are persona, written from the pitcher’s alternately hopeful and hapless perspective. Another tight handful of poems blend poet’s and pitcher’s voices so seamlessly that narrator and subject become one. This is the greatest strength of In Brilliant Explosions: the poet aptly inhabits his subject, creates a credible voice that reveals the pitcher’s inner life, while making the game a palpable, dynamic and sensory-loaded experience. Brightman paints an intimate portrait of a player in the context of the great game of baseball.  These poems move the reader−baseball fan or no−because they manifest the ambition and struggle of an everyman with a dream and a chance to live it.  




Barbara Sabol lives in the Great Lakes area and has an M. A. in Communication Disorders, an MFA, and a BA in French. She is the author of two chapbooks: Original Ruse (Accents Publishing, 2011) and The Distance Between Blues (Finishing Line Press, 2012). Her poems have appeared in a number of journals, including The Examined Life, San Pedro River Review, The Louisville Review, on the Tupelo Press Poetry Project web site, and in the collection, Bigger Than They Appear: Anthology of Very Short Poems (Accents Publishing). 




Conversation with poet, Steve Brightman


What a great read In Brilliant Explosions Alone is. You really hit your stride with the language and rhythm of the poems, which enacted the struggle and loneliness of a person under great internal and external pressure to perform in the spotlight. A wonderfully intimate portrayal of Sowers, and also a great depiction of the game of baseball, which I happen to love, as well.  What perfect timing that Night Ballet Press released the book mid-October, right in the thick of the World Series.  As a reader, I could appreciate even more the baseball colloquialisms and calls and the rhythm of  the announcer’s patter as I read through the book – straight through.

This is such a satisfying  book of poetry for the quality of each poem individually and for how you stitched them into a such a well organized series, to create a narrative of this one player and a field-level depiction of the game.  Why don’t we begin by talking about how the book is put together.

B: The collection is wonderfully unified and composed with a singular focus, which perfectly suits the theme of one pitcher, one season.  I really loved that the poems are organized by game date versus page number, which lent to the sensation of travelling through an entire seven month season in the short space of 24 pages. Did the organization of the book precede the writing of the poems?

S: Yes and no. I wrote the epilogue shortly after I’d seen him with backpack at PNC. Once I decided to move forward with this as a collection, the organization dictated the production. I’d spent a lot of time on baseballreference.com poring over the box scores, trying to get a feel for each individual game.


 B:  I know that you’re a great baseball fan and undoubtedly have some real ball player heroes. I’m curious about your choice of Jeremy Sowers as a sort of protagonist/anti-hero in that particular 2008 Indians season. 

S: I kind of stumbled across it in stages. It wasn’t a conscious decision to sit down and put him on a pedestal. I should start by saying that I’ve always been drawn to the anti-hero, so you can count that as the first stage: two of my favorite baseball players (Curt Flood and Roger Maris) were both maligned during their careers by the mainstream media and the public for one reason or another. The second stage was my general befuddlement at the relationship between Cleveland sports teams and their fans. Some guys become idols while others become afterthoughts and there seems to be no rhyme nor reason as to why. The final stage, the metaphoric straw, was seeing his game used jersey in the team shop for considerably less than other players’ jerseys. Heck, it was marked down cheaper than the manager’s and coaches’ jerseys. So I bought it. And kind of adopted him. Then I just had to figure out what to do with him now. Writing seemed like the most logical choice.


B: In these poems, Sowers is portrayed as both baseball pitcher and struggling human being; someone with a broad spectrum of feelings on and off the mound.  Reading the book, I was continually impressed with how you captured that alternately lonely and lofty experience of the pitcher.  How did you manage to step inside the imagined skin of your subject?

S: This was pretty easy. I’m a pretty big baseball fan, so the little boy inside of me still relishes the opportunity to see big league ballplayers in person (I hope I never outgrow that, FYI). One of the best places I’ve found to do this is at PNC Park in Pittsburgh. Fans gather before the game outside the visitor’s entrance for similar type run-ins and photo/autograph opportunities. Ballplayers get dropped off by taxi or bus or whatever service their hotel provides outside the ballpark and a scrum of varying degrees ensues, usually depending on popularity (sought out by autograph seekers) or how good-looking a ballplayer is (sought out by girls of all ages). I was there before a game in which the indians visited the pirates a few years back and was part of the scrum. Everybody went ballistic over Grady Sizemore and Victor Martinez when they left their cabs. Jeremy Sowers, meanwhile, walked up to the park with his backpack on, completely unmolested. It was like he was just some random guy walking up to the park to catch the game. That had stuck with me ever since.


B: There’s a wonderful balance of pathos and restraint in these poems.  On one hand, there are the numbers, baseball’s so amazingly abundant numerical data. And, on the other, the heart of the player. Did you consciously hold back or check your sympathetic response to Sowers by talking about speed of fast ball, field measurements, batting averages and so on?

S: Actually, I had to take a bit of the opposite approach if I wanted it to work on a personal level. I wanted to make it accessible to die hard baseball fans, but also casual fans (as well as those with little to no interest in baseball). I had to scale back my reliance upon the stats, rather than the man.


B: Most of the poems are persona, with Sowers relaying what’s going on in his head in the raw moment, as in “Empty Weird” or recollecting specific moments in the game, as in “This Is the One” (one of my favorites). I wonder why the intimacy of the persona poem, versus the straight narrative.

S: This kind of dovetails into my previous response. It was easier for me to access the man – Jeremy Sowers as Everyman, even – and avoid the clinical aspect of statistics through a persona. Statistics really only tell you about what happened, after the fact. They are their own narrative, so to speak.


B: The diction― the natural speech line, jargon―throughout is fantastic, reminiscent of the rhythm of the announcer’s patter. Did you deliberately fashion the lineation and cadence on how the game is called?

S: I did not. Over the last six or seven summers, though, I have spent a large part of my summers at games or watching and listening to games. March through October, baseball is pretty much the soundtrack of my life. I would have been more surprised if, upon completion, some of that cadence hadn’t seeped into my work.


B: Do you plan to write more books covering the life and times of one character?  I hope so, because you have a real talent for lyrically hunker into a character’s psyche.

S: Funnily enough, I’d been mapping out the idea of a Lou Reed chapbook, which was inspired by “13 Ways of Looking at a Blackbird” by Wallace Stevens, excepting Lou Reed will be my blackbird. The title, then, will be “13 Ways of Looking at Lou Reed”. I’d started it about a month before he’d passed. Now that he is no longer among the living, I feel a bit conflicted about continuing. I don’t want it to seem like I am being a parasite or an opportunist, so the release will have to be handled delicately.


B: On that same note, I wonder what inspires you to take up the proverbial pen―what form(s) does your muse take?

S: I don’t really have a muse. I don’t really search for inspiration. I just keep my eyes and ears open and write. That said, I do have a consistent and particular audience in mind when I write.


B: This is your fourth chapbook in less than two years time, which signals that there’s quite a lot in your creative hopper to write about! Please talk about your writing regimen and how you manage to be so prolific.

S: My writing regimen is pretty simple. I write every day. Literally, every day. Halloween was 1400 days in a row. It boggles my mind a bit when I think about that (and the accumulation of forgotten poems). Sometimes, I’ll participate in poem a day challenges in order to find prompts that I wouldn’t normally use to write, but most days I just sit down and write. Granted, my writing style (short poems, mostly) lends itself to that routine, but in a lot of ways that routine has also lent itself to my writing style. As I was telling another writer the other day, I tend to write near the end of the day. My body winds down and becomes tired and my mind is quite near the muddiness of sleep. It is also quite clean as, by this point in my day, I’ve managed to move past the events of the day. My writing happens in that area in between clean and muddy. Obviously, some evenings I’m not near my computer or able to write due to other commitments. On those days, I try to write first thing in the morning (before my day has a chance to fill with events that need to be shaken free) or whenever my schedule permits.


B: You have yet another book coming out in the near future, correct? Can you tell us about it?

S: I have been wrestling with the idea of a full length manuscript, but have not really applied myself to that too seriously. If and when I do that, I will probably self-publish unless someone out there with a specific idea (and the means to wade through/cull my body of work) wants to take the reins on that.


B: What projects are you currently working on?

S: Well, as stated earlier, I have my running poem a day project. Not sure when that will end, although I realize it will eventually. I also have a chapbook slated for 2014 with NightBallet Press. Dianne Borsenik has really been a guardian angel with her oversight and presentation of my work.  

Steve Brightman, Biography


Steve Brightman lives in Kent, OH. He has published three chapbooks this year: In Brilliant Explosions Alone (Nightballet Press, 2013), Absent The (Writing Knights Press, 2013), and Like Michelangelo Sorta Said (Poet's Haven, 2013); and has just put the finishing touches on a fourth, 13 Ways Of Looking At Lou Reed. His work has also been included in a number of journals, such as Two Hawks Quarterly, The Cleveland Review, Junkmail Oracle, Bear Creek Haiku, and in  anthologies, such as Buzzkill: Apocalypse – An End of the World Anthology (Night Ballet Press, 2012), Lipsmack! A Sampler Platter of Poets from Night Ballet Press (2012) and I Have My Own Song for It: Modern Poems about Ohio (U of Akron Press, 2003).


 

Tuesday, 22 October 2013

What We're Reading Now



It's October, the month of beautiful autumn weather, andat least here in Americathe month of embarrassingly-abundant processed sugar. With trick-or-treat and all that, we at Poetry Matters say Skip the caramel apples, candy corn, and tootsie rolls! Give us a good book instead!  So for our post this month we've got some poetry goodies for you: Nancy shares a couple of books and journals that she's currently reading, including Ultima Thule, one of her favorite poetry collections, and Temper, the debut book of Beth Bachmann. And after that, Karen delights us with a mini-review of Iris A. Law's poetry chapbook, Periodicity.

We invite you to take a longer look at these fine books. And as usual friends, please share with us what you're reading. We're always looking for good books.


______________



 From Nancy's Bookshelf



Probably like most of you, at any given time I've got several books going, not just one. And usually one of those books is a favorite that I am re-reading. The favorite for this month is Ultima Thule (Yale University Press, 2000) by Davis McCombs. Ultima Thule was selected by M. S. Merwin for the 1999 Yale Younger Poet’s Prize. McCombs, who grew up in south-central Kentucky (an area known for its caves), served as a park ranger at Mammoth Cave National Park. The book was written, in part at least, while McCombs worked at Mammoth Cave; the poems center around caves in general, and Mammoth Cave in particular.

The book has three sections: The first and last sections are comprised of sonnets, and the section sandwiched between them is full of free-verse. In the first section, the sonnets are all persona poems written in the voice of Stephen Bishop, who was the slave of one John Croghan. Croghan owned Mammoth Cave for ten years or so in the mid-1800’s and Bishop functioned as a cave guide there for twenty years. Here is a link to my favorite poem in this first section, written in Bishop's voice as imagined by the poet. It’s the title poem of the collection, “Ultima Thule.” 

The second section contains poems that explore a more personal landscape. Each finely-chiseled poem in this section flows freely, unencumbered by the rigidity or stilted feel that some readers might experience in first section with its combination of sonnet-form and persona-voice. I have no favorite in the second section; all would be favorites, depending on where I happen to be in my head. Here is link to one of the poems for you to experience, “Freemartin.” (From dictionary.com—freemartin: “a female calf that is born as a twin with a male and is sterile as a result of exposure to masculinizing hormones produced by the male.”) 

The third section returns to the sonnet form, but now it is McCombs (or the poet-persona) who is the cave guide instead of Stephen Bishop. The sonnets in this last section have the same beautiful lyricism found in the second section. Here is a link to my favorite, which is the opening poem in this last section: “Dismantling the Cave Gate.”

I've read Ultima Thule several times now, and each time I continue to be fascinated by it, so much so that I've written the entire second and third sections out by long-hand, using a fountain-pen and fine-lined yellow paper, lingering over each poem. If you haven't read this book yet, you're in for a treat. 

Another book I’m reading is Beth Bachmann’s debut book, Temper(University of Pittsburg
Press, 2009), winner of the AWP Award Series 2008 Donald Hall Prize and 2010 Kate Tufts Discovery Award. The book addresses a murdered sister and a father who appears to be suspect. The poems in Temper are short and intense—the images, sharp and violent; the voice is restrained, at times distant. These poems are haunting, folks, each of them a lyric that together stitch a narrative. This book, this book …  I can’t put it down. It, too, will be one that I’ll read again and again. I won’t say any more than that. I'll just leave you with a few links to some poems, let you experience them for yourself:

As for literary journals, here’s what’s piled on my nightstand: Caketrain issue 10, Reed Vol 66, Mid-American Review Vol 33.2, Crab Orchard Review Vol 18.2, and the beautiful, beautiful Briar Cliff Review Vol 25. I love the look and feel of Briar Cliff Review! Here’s a link to the opening poem to that journal, “Break of Day,” by Beatrice Lazarus, winner of the their recent Poetry Prize.







Karen's Mini Review of Iris A. Law's poetry chapbook, Periodicity 


I met Iris Law at a "poet's lunch" during The Kentucky Women Writers Conference in Lexington, Kentucky, and later noticed her chapbook for sale. I was drawn to the cover art by Killeen Hanson, an incandescent blue-white flower sprig against a dark background, and the title whose meaning I wasn't sure of, as well as blurbs on the back of the book that mentioned women scientists. When I glanced at the book's center poem, "Blue," I was irretrievably hooked.

Iris A. Law, a Kundiman Fellow, is editor of the online Asian American poetry journal Lantern Review. She received a B.A. in English from Stanford University and an M.F.A. in Creative Writing from the University of Notre Dame. Her work has appeared in such journals as Lumina, Phoebe, qarrtsiluni, Boxcar Poetry Review, Drunken Boat, The Collagist, and she was nominated for a Pushcart Prize in 2011. She lives in Lexington, Kentucky.

Periodicity (Finishing Line Press, 2013), Law's debut chapbook, celebrates women from various times and countries connected to the world of science. Thirteen of the eighteen poems are persona poems, written from the first person point-of-view of women such as: British botanist/illustrator/author Beatrix Potter, British biophysicist/X-ray crystallographer Rosalind Franklin, French-Polish physicist/chemist Marie Curie, American marine biologist/conservationistRachel Carson, and Faith Sai So Leong, the first Chinese American dentist. Law uses various forms such as the tercet  in the voice of astronomer Maria Mitchell, and a cento, "Botanical Variations," composed of passages from the 18th century botanist Jane Colden's work, Botanical Manuscript which describes such plants as "S'alomons Seal," "E'nchanter's Nightshade," and "Lady's S'lipper."

Many of the poems explore familial relationships such as between father and daughter in "Ada" about mathematician/writer Ada Lovelace and her father, poet Lord Byron, and in "Anna Atkins" where Atkins, botanist/photographer, mourns the death of her father who was also a scientist; between wife Emma Darwin and husband Charles Darwin in "Finchsong" and Marie and husband Pierre in "Horse and Cart;" and between mother, daughter and sister in the poems centered around the Curie family, "Periodicity" and "The Girl with Radium Eyes."

The chapbook, named after the title poem "Periodicity," refers to the periodic table in which the chemical elements are arranged in related groups according to their atomic numbers. Periodicity also refers to anything having the characteristic of being periodic, occurring at regular intervals or having similar properties. The title echoes the overall compass of Law's book that re-imagines these dynamic women in all their complexities with a haunting sense of compassion and intimacy. We see them in moments of vulnerability and pain as in "Marie Curie, Dying" with stunning lines such as "On her tongue and in her cheeks, a constellation of throbbing stars" and "the ore, with its necklace of fallen particles, grows dim to her"; and in moments of everyday life as in "Finchsong," where she portrays Emma Darwin cooking and playing piano outside the door where her husband, Charles Darwin, "measured wingspans...parted stiffened beaks" and ends with the striking image of "those fingers / that bent the necks of birds would trace / blue nocturnes against your spine." Though the women presented in these poems are similar in spirit and the extent of their accomplishments, often working against gender bias, Law insists each is unique, as said so beautifully in the closing lines of the last poem of the book, "Slant," written for Chinese Americanphysicist Chien-Shiung Wu:
                                                ...We do not mirror
            one another. Rather, we resist replication, shaping our stories
            stubbornly against our chosen vectors: one arm, one eye,
            a single plotted quadrant into which we arrange
            battered folding chairs and settle in to watch the sun
            slide liquidly into the diamond-speckled dark.
             
Law's use of "we," repeated throughout the poem includes not only Chien-Shiung Wu, but herself, the other women in her book, and all women, creating a feeling of intimacy and respect, as if the poet is directly speaking to the reader. Many of the Law's poems contain this close sense of connection to the reader, as in the first lines of the opening poem, "Field Notes, Lichen Morphology," where it feels like Beatrix Potter is whispering: " "Listen: / that // rasp. The fall/ of fractured // trees / predates // the quiet lying // down, the waiting". Law's use of repeated vowel and consonant sounds in these lines is mirrored throughout the poems; they resonate with rhythm, as they do with radiant images of the natural world, as in the poem, "Blue," describing Anna Atkins cyanotype prints of algae: "Lucid shadows, layered / on blue ground: a reverse / china pattern. Cystoseira / blisters, bifurcates to / deeper marine. Part wisp."

In Periodicity each poem is like a radiant jewel (sapphire, emerald), or an element essential to life (oxygen, hydrogen) that are linked by each woman's particular voice that reaches us through Iris Law's luminous voice. These unforgettable poems pulse with a sense of awe and longing, an invitation to pay attention, to explore, document, and revel in the wonders of the natural world in which we live.

If you'd like to read more of Iris Law's work, visit her website at http://www.irisalaw.com/index.html.

Tuesday, 8 October 2013

Wohi Darpaish hy phr Zindagi

Wohi Darpaish hy Phr Zindagi Khwabon Khyalo'n Ki..

Kahan hy Ab Tumhari Wo Muhabbat itnay Salo'n Ki..

Agr Mery Muqadar me Andhera hi Andhera tha,

kahani Kiyun Sunai Thi Muje tum ne Ujaalo'n Ki..

Bara hy Farq dono me, Mgr Dilchasp hain Dono,

Teri Duniya Jawabo'n Ki, Meri Duniya sawalo'n ki,

Tumhe jb sy Me Likhta Hun, Tumhen Jb sy Me parhta hun,

Zrurat Hi Nhi Parrti Kitabo'n K Hawalo'n ki,

Ta'alluq Jorna Or Torna Tm Sy Koi Sekhy,

Kahan Sy Aa Gai tm Ko Maharat Aisi Chalo'n Ki.??

Shagufta Dil Ko Rakha hy Faqat is Wasty  "MOHSIN"

Zarurat Phr Na Par Jaye Tumhen Meri Misalo'n Ki....!

Thursday, 19 September 2013

An Arched and Lighted Entrance: An Interview with Greg Pape

Friends of poetry, for this month's post, you're in for a real treat as guest-blogger Drew Pomeroy interviews poet Greg Pape about his most recent collection, Four Swans.  ~Nancy Chen Long
__________

Greg Pape is the author of nine books, including Border Crossings, Black Branches, Storm Pattern (all originally published by University of Pittsburgh Press), Sunflower Facing the Sun(winner of the Edwin Ford Piper Prize – now called the Iowa Prize – and published by University of Iowa Press), American Flamingo (winner of a Crab Orchard Open Competition Award, and published by Southern Illinois University Press), and Four Swans (published by Lynx House Press)

His poems have been published widely in such magazines and literary reviews as The Atlantic, Iowa Review, The New Yorker, Northwest Review, and Poetry. He has received the Discovery / The Nation Award, two National Endowment for the Arts Individual Fellowships, the Pushcart Prize, the Richard Hugo Memorial Poetry Award, and his poems have been featured on NPR and read by Garrison Keillor on The Writer’s Almanac. He teaches at the University of Montana, and in the Brief-Residency MFA program at Spalding University. He served as Poet Laureate of Montana from 2007 to 2009.
 
__________


DP: Readers of Four Swans (Spokane: Lynx House Press 2013) may know that some of the poems included were originally published in your chapbook Animal Time (Lexington: Accents Publishing 2011). To better understand the process of composing a chapbook before a complete collection, could you speak to which of these works was first in your mind: the chapbook or the book?

GP: Four Swans was a work-in-progress long before the idea for Animal Time came to me. I have always been interested in animals and the ways we human animals interact with other species, how we are connected, or disconnected, with each other, how we share or infringe on each other's habitats, what we give and take from each other. But the idea for the chapbook Animal Time grew out of a lecture I gave at Spalding in which I considered the ways poets have engaged imaginatively with animals. After looking at the work of Whitman and Dickinson, Elizabeth Bishop, James Wright, Gerald Stern, Philip Levine, various Chinese and Japanese poets, and others, I looked at my own work and made a gathering of poems in which animals figure prominently. Those poems developed into the chapbook Animal Time.



DP: That deep interest in human and animal coexistence seems to be the heartbeat of Four Swans. I find myself often wondering what animals might think of us or say to us if they could speak. For you, as a poet, how does this very human concern become a poetry of coexistence?

GP:  I like your idea of a poetry of coexistence.  Four Swans, the book, began with the experiences presented in the title poem.  I had just spoken with my mother on the phone.  She was in the hospital in California.  I was worried about her, thinking I needed to get down there and see her.  I drove to the National Wildlife Refuge near my home in the Bitterroot, a place I often go to walk, think, write, a place set aside for people and other creatures to coexist.  There were four swans on Whistler pond close enough to observe without binoculars.  Beautiful creatures, calm, dignified—I describe them and name them in the poem.  They seemed to give me access to something I needed.  I don’t know what they thought of me, but they were aware of my presence and seemed to be untroubled by it.  They were in complete possession of themselves, at home on the ice and the water, feeding, preening, stretching their big wings.  I wondered what it would be like to be one of them.  Then I thought in some way I am one of them.  I guess that’s a poetry of coexistence.



DP: Your poem “Tracks & Traces” (Four Swans 17-18) begins with the speaker expressing a nearly child-like curiosity when he says, “It must be fun to be an otter” (line 6). However, at the end of the poem there is a profound moment of coexistence revealed beneath an uprooted Ponderosa pine, which you describe as “a time of violence / become a place of shelter, part of the story / that houses us all” (50-52). Can you tell us more about the curious and wise speaker of this poem?       

GP:  The speaker of “Tracks & Traces” is a guy like me walking through the woods in winter reading the signs, the tracks left in the snow by animals, trying to discern the stories those tracks tell.  It is something I do often in the winter, a form of walking meditation, a state of concentration and observation much like a hunter’s, except I am after something else besides deer or ducks and geese, some other kind of sustenance.  These winter walks can start off serene and peaceful then turn, as the weather turns, fierce, or you come upon the carcass of an elk with ravens feeding on it, or you step down into a hole at the base of a lovely old Ponderosa pine that’s blown down in the last storm.  It’s hard not to think of the violence as well as the beauty that’s written on the land, and in us.



DP: The presence of Nature in these poems, captured in both the vivid imagery and a beautifully-wrought diction of the land, is a powerful one. What is the importance of the human element that is thinking and living within the powerful Nature of these poems?

GP: I think it’s important to describe and try to articulate all sorts of experiences.  If our poems and other works of art help us live our lives, and that seems to be one of the primary purposes of art, it is by articulating, questioning, and shaping experience, sometimes making sense, providing insights or feelings that can be shared, sometimes just putting something out there we don’t completely understand, adding to the conversation.  If we have learned anything it’s that the human element is not something apart from Nature but something within Nature.



DP: There are four separate but very carefully connected parts to the book Four Swans. How did each of these parts become its own?

GP: When I began organizing the poems, written over several years, into a book, I found there was a kind of narrative arc that traced the infirmity and death of my mother from the first poem, written in winter, to the last poem, written in fall, and the seasons, more or less evident in all the poems, shaped and commented in a strong way on the arc of the book.



DP: The poem “Elegy for Big Red” (Four Swans 38-40) is perhaps the most humorous yet equally heart-breaking poem of the collection. In it the speaker tells the tale of a rooster named Big Red, whom he describes as a “bastard hatched / in Nebraska, shipped to Montana / in a box with dozens of others” (lines 1-3). Why was it important to have this poem in Four Swans?

GP: Swans, roosters, people, the beautiful as well as the good the bad and the ugly are all part of the tapestry.  “Elegy for Big Red” is both a lament and a celebration, and maybe a warning.  My relationship with Big Red was complex.  We seemed to bring out the worst in each other.  But when I found him headless in the chicken coop one morning I realized what a beautiful creature he was, and how petty and self-indulgent I had been toward him at times, and how much I respected him and would miss him.



DP: In the poem “Big Lost River Breakdown” (Four Swans 57-60) you write “under the cottonwoods, the smoke / sweetening the summer air dawn to dusk / makes us recall Dreamland” (lines 35-37). Some readers may initially see this Dreamland as an imaginary place of the poet to be further explored in the next stanza, but as a former native of Alabama, my mind (and taste buds) went straight to the plate of Dreamland barbecue you later describe. Do you find yourself thinking and writing about a place, like Montana or Alabama, when you are surrounded by it, or do you tend to write about a place when you are away from it, wondering about it, longing for it?

GP: I think I was writing in my journal in Arco, Nevada sitting at a picnic table when I smelled that barbeque smoke, so I was there, fully present, and certainly hungry.  But that smell took me immediately to Dreamland, which as you know is the name of a great barbeque place outside Tuscaloosa.  So the answer to your question is both.  By writing about one place you make associations with other places, and depending on your aims or needs, you follow your pencil.  In this case to Dreamland.



DP: While nearly all of these poems occur in a natural world, Parts III and IV contain many poems about people, specifically family and friends. Can you describe the necessity of these more human poems in Four Swans

GP: I think all the poems occur in the natural world.  There are poems in Parts III and IV that are elegies, poems that remember the lives and mourn the deaths of friends and family, but they are mixed in with sketches of particular places and people—life and death side by side of necessity.



DP: Several poems in Four Swans present a speaker looking through a window, either out onto the natural world or into some other world. What do these windows reveal, or hide, from the human element of the poem?

GP: I like to write outdoors, and I do as much as I can, even sometimes in winter.  But when I’m writing indoors I often keep in touch with the outdoors by gazing out the window.  Emerson said, “the health of the eyes demands a horizon,” and I believe that is true literally, as well as metaphorically.  A window lets light in, and lets one see out.  It is both an entrance and an exit.  I’m never completely comfortable in those rooms without windows.



DP: There is this consistent presence of faith, hope, and patience in Four Swans. This is especially true of those poems at the end of the book. Do you see these elements as an extension of yourself in the poetry, or is it a result of the Nature, the possibility of regrowth, in which many of these poems exist?

GP: Where does one find faith, hope, and patience?  More good names for swans.  Certainly we need those to get through tough times.  I think we discover and develop those things in all sorts of ways.  We learn from each other, from literature, from religion, from rivers and swans and ponderosa pines.



DP: The final poem of the book, “White Church in Wiborg” (Four Swans 82-83), presents a speaker looking into the window of a church and imagining a scene taking place inside. In that scene is a captured moment of human, perhaps family, history. The speaker leaves this imagined moment and follows another down the wagon-rutted mule path all the way to Cumberland Falls, where one can “watch the Moonbow / rise above the river, like an arched and lighted entrance / through earthly air that made those who saw it lean closer” (33-35). Why did you choose to end the book with a sense of entry into another world? Should we be anticipating anything? Another book perhaps?  

GP: My mother’s stories of her childhood in Kentucky had always fascinated me.  She was born in Wiborg in McCreary County, one of eleven children.  Her father and mother were both born in the southern mountains, descendants of the first European settlers.  They made their living from the land as hunters, gatherers, subsistence farmers, and later as coal miners.  She had a hard life.  Her stories of childhood were vivid and memorable, and sometimes scary, but not without love for her early home place.  After she died I took her ashes to Kentucky and searched for, and found, the small family graveyard near where she was born, and placed her ashes and monument there.  The white church in Wiborg was established by her grandfather.  I was lucky to be able to visit it and make it part of the setting of the last poem (it has since burned down).  The other setting of that poem, Cumberland Falls, where one can see the Moonbow, is a place of great beauty and natural wonder, and for me a place of intimate connection to my family’s past, to my life before I was born.  And to witness the Moonbow with others, I’ve felt a sense of awe and kinship, an entrance, not necessarily to another world, but a deeper sense of this one. If all goes well, there will definitely be another book.

Greg Pape on-line:

"American Flamingo," The Atlantic

"Cemetery in Kentucky," Poetry Daily

"Fog," The Atlantic

interview: Alabama Writers' Forum Executive Director Jeanie Thompson interviews poets Greg Pape and Frank X. Walker about their literary work (audio)

poems featured on The Writer's Almanac

on the Montana Poet Laureate Program website: Nine poems from two of his books

reading selections of his poetry at Montana State University (MSU) Library (video)

review of American Flamingo at Valparaiso Poetry Review

review of Four Swans at Two Poets blog




Drew Pomeroy grew up on the banks of the Alabama River in the small historic town of Selma, Alabama. He is pursuing his MFA in Creative Writing (Poetry) at Spalding University where he has had the pleasure of working with Greg Pape. He currently lives in Louisville with a shaggy shelter dog named Molly. Drew is also a proud and active member of the Brewhouse Poets – a group of thirsty writers living and working in Kentuckiana.